CNN 10 January 25, 2017

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: First story on CNN 10 today: executive actions from the White House concerning a pair of controversial oil pipelines.

We're explaining it all starting with a look at the Dakota Access Pipeline.

It's a $3.7 billion project that would join oil rich areas of North Dakota to Illinois, where it can then be distributed to other parts of America. Under the Obama administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers approved the plan to build it last summer.

But the Standing Rock Sioux, a Native American tribe whose reservation is near a pipeline construction site sued the government. They said that the pipelines being built on sacred ground, that it would destroy Native American burial sites and that if it ruptures underneath Lake Oahe, where part of the pipe would run, it could contaminate the tribe's water supply.

Thousands of activists joined the Standing Rock Sioux in protest and late last year, the Obama administration reversed its decision and said it would not allow construction under Lake Oahe.

Supporters of the project say it's safe, that its construction would create thousands of jobs and that those whose land is affected already agreed to allow construction. The company building the pipeline called the Obama administration's reversal politically motivated. Now, the Standing Rock Sioux is calling a Trump administration decision politically motivated.

Yesterday, U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive action to move the Dakota Access Pipeline forward. The tribe said it was unfairly rerouted toward their land without their consent. The White House says the pipeline is good for jobs, growth and energy.

You'll notice some similarities between this controversy and one over another pipeline, the Keystone XL Pipeline. President Trump signed an action yesterday to advance that one as well.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

TOM FOREMAN, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The Keystone XL pipeline extension would stretch about 1,200 miles, most of it in the United States, from Alberta, Canada down to Nebraska.

There are lots of pipelines out there, some of which would connect with this.

So, why all the fuss about this extension?

First of all, the environment. Opponents say that they fear that this will spoil the landscape. If there is a spill, that it could contaminate ground water, hurt humans and animals. And they say this is dirty oil, a type of oil that when it's burned, produces more greenhouse gases.

Supporters say the company that wants this, TransCanada, has already promised much more robust safety measures, that rail shipments are rising already to bring this oil in and the rail shipments are riskier than the pipeline would be.

The second issue, jobs. Supporters like to cite a study that says somewhere around 42,000 jobs or more would benefit from this pipeline. That includes not only the people who work on it, but people in restaurants and hotels and supply houses.

But opponents say that's all temporary. That's for one or two years while this thing is built. In the end, there may be only 50 permanent jobs coming out of this.

So, that raises the real question, why would you want to build this thing at all? It's only 36 inches across. Does it really make a difference?

Supporters say yes, it does. It means about 830,000 barrels of oil a day coming into the United States from a secure ally, reducing our dependence on overseas oil from places like Venezuela or the Middle East.

Whereas opponents say, look, it is just not worth it. For all those various reasons they've already cited, even as supporters continue to say, look, it's time, after all this debate, to dig the trenches and to get this pipe into the ground.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

STEPHEN COLLINSON, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The one thing you need to know is that an executive action is not as broad or as long-lasting as a law.

An executive order and an executive action in many ways, there's already a difference.

So, an executive order is a statement of policy by the president of the United States. It's a message to government departments about exactly how a law should be implemented and the rules under which the policy of the administration will be followed. Presidents use it especially when they can't get laws passed through Congress. A law is clearly the preferable way for presidents to go because it lasts longer and it's more difficult to overturn.

President Obama's executive orders are now very vulnerable to the pen of Donald Trump, just as the executive orders that Trump is now signing could be overturned by the next president.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia.

What continent is largest in terms of land area and population?

Asia, Africa, North America or South America?

Whether you're talking about population size or size in square miles, no continent comes close to Asia.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: So many of us are guilty of this: we get a new phone or a computer, microwave or TV and we toss out the old one. That's where this problem begins and it's building in Asia.

A United Nations University study says more than 12 million tons of electronic waste were thrashed in Asia between 2010 and 2015. There are several reasons why: one, there are more types of electronics people can buy. Two, there are more people in Asia who can afford to buy them. And three, the electronics being made don't tend to last long, so there's more need for replacements.

Recycling can help, but an investigation by an environmental group found that even recycled electronics from the U.S. sometimes found their way to landfills in Asia.

So, what happens to it when it gets there?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

IVAN WATSON, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Did you ever wonder what happens to your old computer or TV When you throw it away? Chances are, some of your electronic junk ends up here in China, the world's biggest dumping ground for electronic wastes.

Electronic waste or e-waste arrives by the truckload to a southeastern Chinese town called Guiyu where locals are experts at ripping apart electronic trash.

There are e-waste disposal businesses here on nearly every street.

(on camera): And in mom-and-pop operations like this, workers rip apart the appliances and pull out the most valuable elements and components for resale to future manufacturers.

(voice-over): They worked fast identifying and sorting plastic with the help of a flame.

The women here tell us all the trash is foreign, even though Chinese law bans the import of electronic waste.

The most valuable electronic guts like circuit boards are separated and the rest treated like some giant plastic harvest. Workers take piles of plastic chips and mix them into what looks like a synthetic stew.

Guiyu be one of the world's largest informal recycling operations through e-waste, but it is dirty, dangerous work.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: When recycling is done in primitive ways like what we have seen here in China with the electronic waste, it -- it is hugely devastating for the local environment.

WATSON: Greenpeace says the water and air in Guiyu is terribly polluted.

(on camera): I am walking on flat screams these come from laptops or from computer monitors or, or video TV screens and they can contain a highly toxic chemical, mercury, and you can see how those chemicals could then seep into the environment and even into the food supply of nearby livestock.

(voice-over): But talk to someone who doesn't rely on e-waste to make a living and you get a very different story.

(on camera): Do you guys drink the water here?

(voice-over): These migrant farmers say they don't dare drink the water and one of them has a shocking admission.

MIGRANT FARMER (through translator): It may not sound nice, but we refuse to eat this rice that we plant because of all the pollution. We don't know who ends up eating this rice.

WATSON: Workers here complain their business has been hurt by a crackdown on e-garbage smuggled in from the US, Europe, and other Asian countries, but as Chinese consumers become more wealthy, the country is increasingly generating its own e-waste. That puts new pressure on China as well as the rest of the world to figure out a cleaner, safer way to dispose of all this electronic junk.

Ivan Watson, CNN, Guiyu, China.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Earning a perfect "10 Out of 10", this firefighter. He is using a sweet water jet pack to meet a simulated bridge fire face to face. And then he's got plenty of water to put it out. This is a part of a firefighting system in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It's reportedly seen an increase of buyers in recent years, but now, thanks in part to this, any blaze on a boat, bridge or coastal building now has a new enemy.

Why? Because he's jet packing a hose lot of anti-inflammatory that could engulf and water-down any nearby flare up to beat the heat.

I'm Carl Azuz for CNN 10.

CNN Student News - December 9, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Hi, I`m Carl Azuz.

First up today on CNN STUDENT NEWS: the passing of an historic American. John Herschel Glenn Jr. popularly known as John Glenn died yesterday at the age of 95. A large part of his life was spent in the air. Glenn flew 149 combat missions in World War II and the Korean War.

He became a national hero, was one of America`s first astronauts. And in 1962, John Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth. He reportedly wasn`t allowed on the moon mission, though, because President John F. Kennedy said he`d become too valuable as a national figure to go on
the flight.

On the ground, Glenn served in politics. He was U.S. Democratic senator representing Ohio for 24 years. He tried but failed early in his quest for the presidency in 1984, but 14 years after that, Glenn returned to the sky at the age of 77, becoming the oldest person to fly into space.

Next in the Middle East. Aleppo used to be the most populated city in the nation of Syria. A large part of it has been abandoned and destroyed by years of civil war. Rebels who`ve been fighting the Syrian government currently control part of Eastern Aleppo.

Syrian troops with the support of Russia`s military had been battling to get Aleppo back and they`ve made advances against the rebels in recent weeks. Syria says its targeting terrorists there. The nation`s president says recapturing Aleppo would be a significant step toward bringing Syria`s
five-year-old civil war to an end.

But a British intelligence leader says that Syria and Russia are trying to eliminate opposition in Aleppo at any price, and that that`s created a, quote, "human tragedy".

Thousands of civilians have been trapped in eastern Aleppo. There aren`t enough medical supplies to treat the wounded. Yesterday, Russia`s foreign minister said Syria had suspended combat in Aleppo, so that civilians could get out. He called it the largest ever evacuation for residents of eastern Aleppo.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SUBTITLE: Why is Aleppo so important in Syria?

NICK PATON WALSH, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Aleppo is the commercial hub of Syria, symbolically unparalleled. This is which rebel forces piled in summer 2012, taking large part of it, holding back to a better equipped Syrian military, showing that they could get popular support in urban areas. It`s also where so much of the gross slaughter of this war occurred, where Syrian jets or helicopters just dropping the most crude devices known as barrel bombs would repeatedly kill children, doctors, target hospitals. And if it finds itself again in Syrian
government hands, that is an enormous propaganda coup for the Syrian regime itself, after its Russia and Iranian support, it now has control on pretty much of all the major population centers of Syria itself.

Secondly, the Syrian moderate forces themselves, they`re moving to that city in summer of 2012 showed they could be militarily effective. But if they get kicked out, they don`t really have anywhere else at this point to go. If these moderate forces move in to Idlib, they could well be being seen by the Americans particularly as too close to al Qaeda, a described terrorist group.

If east Aleppo falls, we simply don`t know how many civilians could get caught in this crossfire killed, injured (INAUDIBLE). Most importantly, if it does fall as well, it marks a turning point in this civil war, one from which it can be pretty hard for those forces, for everyone used to call a Syrian revolution to recover from.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Every year since 1927, U.S. publication "TIME" Magazine has named a Person of the Year, someone its editors say had the, quote, "greatest influence, for better or worse on the events of the year.

Most U.S. presidents have been named since the tradition started. So as some other prominent world leaders, from the widely popular, to the highly controversial, movers and shakers, doctors who helped Ebola victims, protesters and popes have all received the title. And this week, U.S.

President-elect Donald Trump was named "TIME`s" Person of the Year.

The magazine`s editor called the choice one of the more straightforward ones. She described Mr. Trump`s appeal as, quote, "part hope, part snarl."

She said he framed tomorrow`s political culture by demolishing yesterday`s, and said 2017 would bring in the chance to fulfill promises and defy expectations like all newly elected leaders.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SUBTITLE: CNN STUDENT NEWS is changing, January 2017.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

NICK GLASS, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): An extraordinary display by a flock of starlings, a so-called murmuration, a pulsating, palpitating example of swarm or group behavior. It`s something we see in lots of specifies, fish, bees, ants. Each individual, both one and the many at the
same time.

Scientists have long been fascinated by it and now convinced we can learn from it for our own devices.

Dr. Sabine Hauert is a Swiss American scientist. She describes herself as a swarm engineer. Her aim, to imitate nature.

SABINE HAUERT, SWARM ENGINEER: If you look at birds and ants, they can do these beautiful, complex behaviors and I take inspiration from these to engineer solutions for real world applications. So, we`re designing swarms of robots that could be used for outdoor applications and nano particles
that work in the trillions for cancer research.

GLASS: An arena in a robotic lab in Bristol in the west of England, how its research group are rallying their army of so-called killer bots.

Arranged at one end, a phalanx of them are ready for the order to move.

The thing I like about this is instantly, I recognize the sound of the swarm.

HAUERT (on camera): It definitely sounds like a swarm. It really bugged me.

GLASS: So, what`s the purpose of all this?

HAUERT: Robots are wonderful way to visualize swarm dynamics. And so, we use this as a proxy for the nano particles. Our nano particle robots are released from the vessel here on the side of the arena and then they move randomly and they can go and they can stick to cancer cells, which we
projected on this arena. And once they`ve been in by the cell, they turn blue.

And so, we use this to show that although these particles are great at accumulating within these cancer cells, they`re for penetrating into this robotic tissue. So, the group behavior is not great, even though the individual behavior is actually quite smart.

GLASS: Have you learned much from this already?

HAUERT: I learned tremendously just programming them and seeing how they behave.

GLASS (voice-over): Back in the arena, the killer bots form up again, ready to showcase that other swarm behaviors. The army is preparing to show its colors.

The bots demonstrate decision making by changing from red to blue as a group, repetiting (ph) how swarms might choose a nesting site.

This time, it`s all about synchronization, mimicking how fireflies can coordinate their glow. And here, like ants, creating a trail from a so- called source, transferring information back to their nests. The bots stopping once the link has been made.

And Hauert is hoping her research can find uses in the outside world -- a human-engineered robotic swarm to rival those created by nature.

HAUERT: I love to see these swarms of robots do things like monitor water sources, do things like explore a building that`s collapsed, do things like potentially clean up an oil spill. We can`t engineer systems like this yet, so I think, why not look at nature for some of these solutions?

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Before we go, you probably haven`t thought about asking for a penguin for Christmas? But this will probably change that. Santa Penguin just slipped some fresh squid under the tree.

These little helpers are part of the fun in what`s known as Bird Park in Japan. It`s not unusual for the local penguin family to don soccer jerseys when the World Cup is being played and Santa suits in December. The rest of the time, they just wear tuxedos.

Now, some might be a little flippant about this, to say something`s fishy about suiting up penguins. Maybe they`d call the idea north polarizing or say Santa`s reindeer don`t include Ramon, Nestor, Raul or Lombardo. But this could be a penguining of a new tradition and what better time to start
than the most punderful time of the year.

I`m Carl Azuz. Fridays are awesome.

CNN Student News - December 8, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Great to have you watching CNN STUDENT NEWS on this Thursday, December 8th. From the CNN Center in Atlanta, Georgia, I`m Carl Azuz.

First story takes us to the fifth most populated country in the world, the Pacific island nation of Indonesia, home to more than 258 million people, and some of them are struggling with the devastation of another earthquake. A 6.5 magnitude quake shook the far northwestern part of Indonesia

Wednesday morning. The tremor was shallow, meaning its focus was relatively close to the earth surface and NOAA officials said last night that at least 97 people have been killed. They expected that number to go up as they search through the rubble.

An Indonesian government official says the priority now is search and rescue, and that authorities have to move fast. Hundreds of buildings have been destroyed, and though there was no tsunami warning, some Indonesian still fled to higher ground with the memory of the 2004 earthquake and
tsunami that killed more than 80,000 people and left millions homeless.

Earthquakes are common in Indonesia, because of the country`s location on the Pacific Ring of Fire.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SUBTITLE: What is the "Ring of Fire"?

CHAD MYERS, CNN METEOROLOGIST: There`s one thing you need to know about the Ring of Fire, it produces 90 percent of the world`s earthquakes.

The Ring of Fire includes about 250 volcanoes. Many of them are submarine volcanoes, meaning they`re underwater, as are 75 percent of the world`s volcanoes in total.

Now, the Ring of Fire is also called the Circum Pacific Belt. It`s a result of plate tectonics. The movement of the plates has created a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches and chains of volcanoes, stretching for 25,000 miles in a horseshoe shape pattern from New Zealand, past Japan,
across the Bering Strait and down toward the tip of South America.

The plate movement also causes earthquakes, because many of these earthquakes occur in the ocean, the Ring of Fire is also known for tsunamis produced when the ocean floor is either forced to rise or fall. When the mega thrust event happens in this region, the water is displaced, and the water pushes ashore.

Most tsunamis are only a few inches high, but there are times that that wave and that swell can be as tall as buildings.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: From shortly after World War II until 1991, the U.S. and the Soviet Union were the two main powers engaged in the Cold War. Now, a lot of experts and analysts have talked about the current tensions between the U.S. and Russia, which was the largest part of the Soviet Union, and these
observers have used the term new Cold War to describe what could happen again.

But with such dramatic changes in technology between 1991 and now, a modern day Cold War could look vastly different from the one in your history books. For one thing, not all of the weapons that the nations have today are even visible.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SUBTITLE: The Cold War, then and now.

RACHEL CRANE, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The Cold War was a conflict between two nuclear super powers, West versus East, capitalism versus communism, a high stakes chess match.

The first question is, what`s temperature have to do with war?

Well, Hot Wars involve battles and all peace talks have stalled.

Warm Wars have negotiations. Armies are mobilized, though there`s still a chance for peace.

But with the Cold War, neither side was in direct conflict. Nuclear weapons made both countries reluctant to fight. Instead, they fought through proxy war and espionage, and for 45 years, the threat of nuclear war loomed over the world. The conflict ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.

The question is, are we on the verge of the Second World War?

Today, tensions between the U.S. and Russia have reignited. Flash points like Syria, the annexation of Crimea, and suspicions of state-sponsored hacking have some observers fearing we are already in a new Cold War.

Both countries are tied to a string of international conflicts. But digital warfare has become a vast new battlefield. Cyber espionage is cheap, hard to trace and presents real economic and security fears. It is evolving quickly, as states rely more on digital networks.

The U.S. and Russia still have huge nuclear arsenals and military might, but digital information may be the most coveted new piece on the chess board.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: It`s been a while since we reported on the dangerous Zika virus, a disease carried by certain mosquitoes that are present all over the globe.

The World Health Organization, part of the United Nations, recently ended its classification of Zika as a global health emergency. But that`s not because it`s become less important or gone away. The organization has reclassified Zika as an ongoing threat, meaning it expects the virus to remain a problem, like yellow fever and malaria.

Most people who get Zika won`t even know it. They don`t have symptoms. But if a pregnant woman contracts the virus, it can cause severe birth defects or miscarriage of the baby.

In the fight against the virus, one thing researchers are looking at is trying to control mosquito populations.

In a Chinese laboratory, for example, researchers are producing millions of genetically modified mosquitoes. They`re hoping these specific insects will help eliminate Zika and other diseases like dengue fever.

So, here`s their plan. They start with mosquito eggs, and then infect those eggs with the bacteria that would prevent them from transmitting the viruses. Their modifications also include sterilizing male mosquitoes so that if they mate with females in the wild, the eggs won`t hatch.

So, how do they separate the male mosquitoes from the females? Well, the females are larger, so they get trapped in this liquid while the males wash off. Then the males are released into the wild, 2 million a week on this Chinese island. Male mosquitoes don`t bite, so researchers don`t have to
worry about that. And they say that this process has reduced the populations of harmful mosquitoes by 96 percent here.

Critics questioned whether this will actually eliminate mosquitoes from the area. And there are concerns about what would happen if a female mosquito somehow became genetically modified and then bit someone.

In any event, Chinese scientists are hoping to produce billions of genetically modified mosquitoes and then bring them to the Americas which have been hard hit by the virus.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SUBTITLE: CNN STUDENT NEWS is changing, January 2017.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: OK. There`s the cutting edge and huge training device out there that a couple of global soccer teams are using to get an edge. It shots out a ball like a batting cage, and the player in the middle of the room has to field it and then pass it back into one of dozens of grid surrounding him or her.

The downside, most soccer players may never set foot inside one of these. The starting price is $2.4 million. They can go up to $3.5 million. But for those people who do train here, it could be a step toward rehabilitation, better ball control or even victory.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

RAFAEL HOFFNER, SPORT COORDINATOR FOR INNOVATION, HOFFENHEIM: So, the function from the Footbonaut is to make training for your first and second contact. To make training for your pass and stop the ball. So, like here, the ball comes to you, you stop the ball, and pass into field.

We have a lot of options here, so we can use a number of balls and we can play with 100 balls and we can use the speed of the ball from zero to 100.

That`s really fast. We play with 50 in the first, 55 for the first league team, and we can say which ball machine we can active, and which field.

So, you have a lot of training types.

REPORTER: You can tailor to each plan, if they got a weakness.

HOFFNER: Yes.

SUBTITLE: So the Footbonaut works for pros, but what about amateur CNN prospects? Let`s find out --

(MUSIC)

SUBTITLE: That doesn`t look right. Let`s see a pro at work.

(MUSIC)

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: So, at its price, it may be Footbonaut for everyone. But if the weather outside is frightful or if the field nearby isn`t lightful, or if the rest of the team just has something else afoot, this can help solo players get off on the right foot if they shoot over to the Footbonaut. It will keep them in touch with askility (ph) and they`re sure to get a kick out of it. Oh, come on.

I`m Carl Azuz for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

END

CNN Student News - December 7, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Hi. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

Today is December 7th, 2016, National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day in the U.S. And that`s what`s first up.

It was 75 years ago that the nation of Japan attacked the United States naval base at Hawaii`s Pearl Harbor. Japan, Germany and Italy, known as the Axis Powers were at war with China, Great Britain and the Soviet Union. The U.S. has not yet gotten directly involved in World War II, though it had implemented economic sanctions against Japan for its behavior toward neighboring China.

The Japanese plan for Pearl Harbor, destroy the American Pacific Fleet there. Japan kept it a secret by continuing peace talks with the U.S. until the day of the attack. The air and sea assault crippled the base and killed more than 2,400 American servicemen and civilians.

The next day, with the support of all but one member of Congress, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt declared war on Japan.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT, FORMER PRESIDENT: December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: For the first time since World War II, a Japanese leader is planning to visit the site of the Pearl Harbor attacks. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is scheduled to travel there with U.S. President Barack Obama after Christmas. Japan`s government says Mr. Abe will not apologize for the attack, but to send a message of reconciliation between Japan and the U.S.

Today, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, tourists gathered at sites like the USS Arizona Memorial, positioned above an American ship that was sunk in the attack.

Some travel to Pearl Harbor to see and to understand. Others go to remember.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

KYUNG LAH, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Ask B.C. Wilborn the secret to living to age 95 and good health, he`ll say love of a vibrant hobby like horseracing and a lot of experience and surviving.

(on camera): Do you think, I`m a war hero?

B.C. WILBORN, WWII VETERAN: No, no, gosh. You see (INAUDIBLE) that you think what you could have done or didn`t do.

ANNOUNCER: The Japanese have attacked Pearl Harbor.

LAH (voice-over): Seventy-years ago, Wilborn stood aboard the USS Maryland as Japanese launched an early morning attack on Pearl Harbor. Wilbon, just a 20-year-old first class petty officer in the Navy.

(on camera): What did it feel like to be in the middle of that?

WILBORN: I didn`t have no fear, I see everything is happening and they seemed like unreal.

LAH (voice-over): Daughter Edie and her husband Ron.

EDIE STANTON, WILBORN`S DAUGHTER: They pay a big price for us to be free.

LAH (on camera): How old are you here?

WILBORN: I was 24, 25.

LAH (voice-over): They had pictures and saw their father`s Purple Heart. But Wilborn never talked about World War II until for reasons no one can explain, a few years ago.

(on camera): Just started talking.

RON STANTON, WILBORN`S SON-IN-LAW: Just started talking. I`m sad to say I didn`t have a tape recorder to get it.

LAH (voice-over): And he hasn`t stopped talking. Wilborn sharing horrors, the men he couldn`t save aboard the capsized USS Oklahoma.

WILBORN: You hear the tapping on the wall and people in there I guess thinking, when we get rescued? After about two days, maybe in third day -- stop. No more.

LAH: More than 400 men died on the Oklahoma.

(on camera): Seventy-five years later, you can still recall that sound?

WILBORN: Oh, gosh, yes. I thought about the saddest thing (INAUDIBLE) of the Navy because, I don`t know, you seemed so helpless.

LAH (voice-over): Unlike many survivors, Wilborn never went back to Pearl Harbor. That`s changing this year, 75 years later, he`s returning for the first time since that day of infamy.

(on camera): What changed? Why did you start thinking about it?

WILBORN: It`s a sad day and -- I don`t know, you tried to get it out of your mind and it won`t go.

LAH (voice-over): So, the survivor faces one last battle, of his own memories.Kyung Lah, CNN, Collinsville, Illinois.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Powerful report.

Well, up next today, we`re talking about bacteria, as in eww.

The tiny single-celled organisms are involved in everything, from causing disease to fighting disease. They`re at work when things are rotting.

They`re at work in the process of fermentation. Could their work be harnessed to help us see in the dark, bringing us a future literally lit by bacteria?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

NICK GLASS, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Paris, the city of lights. But the night comes alive, glowing gloriously as the sun sets.

(on camera): Now, imagine this -- all these Parisian landmarks lit by an entirely different light source.

SUBTITLE: Biological lighting.

SANDRA REY, GLOWEE: We`ve been (INAUDIBLE) biological lighting system that works with living bioluminescent bacteria.

GLASS (voice-over): Sandra Rey is French and just 26, the youngest innovator we`ve ever featured on "Make Create Innovate". She had a bright idea in 2013, while studying industrial design in Paris.

REY: We noticed that fishes were able to turn a light, (IANUDIBLE) and we say, oh, maybe this is a solution to solve our issues, and economical and ecological issues for human lighting.

GLASS: Bioluminescence is a natural phenomenon that among other things enable fireflies to go. But Rey drew her inspiration from the deep sea, the species of squid or rather special bacteria that live inside the squid and give them their extraordinary ability to bioluminescent.

REY: Basically, we`re using genes coding for the biochemical reaction of bioluminescence inside the bacteria. So, we took these genes and we put them in the most common bacteria that we use in the lab. And then we grow the light.

GLASS (on camera): So, that`s bacteria from squid.

REY: Exactly.

GLASS: Will they light?

REY: Yes, I can show you in the dark.

GLASS (voice-over): The drop of liquid nutrient and the mixture surge (ph) into life.

REY: It`s this magical light, enough to two years now that (INAUDIBLE). I`m seeing it almost every day. It`s still magical. It`s --yes, it`s amazing.

GLASS: But demo and a test tube is one thing. Scaling up is the challenge. But where better to try than the streets of Paris, where the world`s first gas powered street lights burned Rey hopes her bacteria could soon glow.

Inside the bus, their supporters are getting a sneak preview.

And a ferial almost psychedelic blue glow gently illuminates the space.

(on camera): How do the people seeing it react?

REY: I think they would be surprised. It`s a really weird light, like really (INAUDIBLE) intriguing. You just want to look at it and it`s just a preview (ph).

GLASS (voice-over): In the corner, an example of future Rey sees about urban illumination.

REY: We know that the shop windows market is now validated and we just need to have a big more intensity to go there. So, in 2017, but we also have a lot of interest in the construction industry, in the energy industry.

GLASS: Rey hopes to make this landscape multicolored, a spectrum of reds, greens and yellows.

There are still challenges ahead, how to make the light lasts longer and more intense.

REY: We`ve managed to make it totally autonomous for three days. Now, it`s kind of a night light. So, we still have a lot of progress on that

(INAUDIBLE). We know that we can do ten times more in a very short term period.

GLASS (on camera): If you come to Paris at Christmastime, which we`re having (INAUDIBLE), there`s no city like it. Do you imagine applying this technology here?

REY: Totally, I would love to see Paris all bioluminescent.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SUBTITLE: CNN STUDENT NEWS is changing, January 2017.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Earlier to this academic year, we showed you goat yoga. Today, we`re bringing you cat yoga. Not necessarily what many of the animals do naturally. This is human yoga with cats, shelter cats from a no-kill cat shelter in Atlanta, Georgia.

They started cat yoga to bring more people to the shelter, but they found that many of the cats who were too shy to socialize on adoption day are more relaxed and interactive around people doing yoga.

So, as long as they`re catatonic, it`s for cats a tonic. And if regular yoga barely scratches the surface of meditation, cat and yoga lovers could find this the peek of the (INAUDIBLE). And it`s pretty a-meow-sing to look it.

That catalogs another edition of CNN Student Meoows. I`m Carl Azuz.

END

CNN Student News - December 6, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: This is CNN STUDENT NEWS and we`re happy to see you. I`m Carl Azuz.

An update on yesterday`s story out of the European nation of Italy. Its prime minister is resigning after a constitutional change that he supported was strongly rejected by Italian voters.

Matteo Renzi said reducing the number of lawmakers in the country`s senate and weakening its power would make it easier for Italy`s government to pass laws and improve its economy. The critics said the reforms would eliminate checks and balances and give the prime minister too much power. And on

Sunday, almost 60 percent of voters shut down the proposed changes.

The 41-year-old Renzi had staked his service as prime minister on this vote, and after results came in, he offered his resignation to the country`s president. Where does this lead Italy? It`s hard to say. It may depend on whether the current government can move forward without Renzi or if it has to call for new elections and another type of leadership take shape.

U.S. President-elect Donald Trump recently spoke on the phone with Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-Wen. Why is that significant? It makes Mr. Trump the first American leader to do that since 1979. The reason: relations between the island of Taiwan and nearby China are delicate.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SUBTITLE: Taiwan & China: One China.

MATT RIVERS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This island of 23 million people is a vibrant democracy and a U.S. ally that sits just across the sea from the world`s largest one party state.

I`m Matt Rivers in Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China.

STEVEN JIANG, CNN CORRESPONDENT: And I`m Steven Jiang in Beijing, the capital of what`s officially known as the People`s Republic of China.

It`s been called that since 1949 when the communists here won a civil war, forcing the previous government to flee to the island of Taiwan.

RIVERS: Both sides set up their own governments, each claiming to be the only legitimate rulers of the entire Chinese territory. Decades of hostility ensued. There was no travel, no trade or communications between two and the threat of military action was a constant presence. But those
tensions begin to ease in 1990s, that`s when Beijing and Taipei came to an agreement on the so-called "One China Policy".

JIANG: Both sides acknowledged despite the existence of two governments, there was only one nation of China, and that paved the way for economic and cultural cooperation. Businesses in Taiwan had invested billions of dollars here on the mainland, home to 1.3 billion people and the world`s
second largest economy. And millions of mainland tourists have flocked to Taiwan after direct flights resumed.

China insists Taiwan as a renegade province that must be reunited with the mainland by force if necessary. Both the governments say that`s all the more reason to strengthen communication and build mutual trust.

And in November 2015, there was a breakthrough. China`s President Xi Jinping met Taiwan President Mai Ying-jeou in Singapore. It was the first time the leaders of two governments met since the end of the Chinese civil war some 66 years earlier.

RIVERS: But whether that trust can be built in Taiwan remains to be seen. Many people here are wary of the growing influence of their massive neighbor just across the straits, fearful that their unique way of life cultivated over the last six decades may be under threat.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: So, where does the U.S. stand in all of this? For decades, it supported the Chinese viewpoint that Taiwan is part of China. And to avoid angering China, the U.S. has had no diplomatic relations with Taiwan.

So, when U.S. President-elect Trump accepted a call from Taiwanese President Tsai, China complained to the Obama administration and lashed out at Taiwan. The White House said that some of the progress it`s made with China could be threaten by the phone call and it suggested that President- elect Trump wait to speak with the U.S. State Department before he speaks to other international leaders.

But Mr. Trump tweeted that China has not been cooperative with the U.S. on currency and tax issues or China`s controversial military developments in the South China Sea. And supporters of Trump`s phone call with the Taiwanese say it could make China rethink how it deals with the U.S. in the future.

Big question mark now over the Dakota Access Pipeline, a controversial oil pipeline. It would run from North Dakota to Illinois. The Obama administration originally approved the plan. But after months of protests by local native American groups and activists who joined them, the U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers put the pipeline on hold, saying it wanted to have more discussion about it and this week, the government said it had decided not to allow the final piece of the pipeline to cross under the Missouri River at North Dakota`s Lake Oahe.

The Obama administration says alternative pipeline route should be considered. But the incoming Trump administration could change that decision.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SARA SIDNER, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Drumbeat, cheers and tears, the sound of victory for the Standing Rock Sioux and thousands of others

gathered to stop the Dakota Access Pipeline. This massive humanity leaving off the grid joined by thousands of military veterans helped exert so much

political and legal pressure, it effectively forced the pipeline to be rerouted.

CHIEF ARVOL LOOKING HORSE, KEEPER OF WHITE BUFFALO CALF PIPE: People say that, now, this is a make it or break it. I guess we made it.

(CHEERS)

SIDNER: The pipeline was almost to the river when it was halted by the Army Corps of Engineer so they could take another look at its path.

Sunday, they decided it was a no go. For months, the Sioux Nation had been demanding the project be scrapped. They were convinced the pipeline carrying crude oil underneath the Missouri River would one day leak, poisoning the drinking water of millions down river.

But then, Energy Partners responded, saying this is simply a political move by the Obama administration that won`t stop the pipeline from going under the river. They contend the latest decision changes nothing, they have every legal right to continue. And with that, the celebrations could be short-lived.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SUBTITLE: CNN STUDENT NEWS is changing, January 2017.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: All right. Another issue facing both the Obama and incoming Trump administrations, cybersecurity, guarding the nation`s online networks. A presidential commission recently gave a list of recommendations on how to better do this. It says that U.S. government and private security
companies have to work more closely together to fend off cyber attacks. It also says the government has to pick up the pace and updating its technology.

The problem is, there`s no shortage of hackers in the U.S. and abroad who are trying to break in.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

REPORTER: DDOS, distributed denial of service. If your eyes are already glazing over it, I get it. But let me tell you why you should care. It`s a technique hackers use to target a website or app and take it offline.

You`ve probably seen it happened to some of your favorite services, like Twitter, Netflix and Spotify. And while these attacks usually only cause outages that last a few hours, there are constant reminder of how vulnerable our digital infrastructure is.

So, how do hackers do it? Think of a denial of service attack as the entrance to your favorite store getting flooded by a massive crowd of people. The doorway is packed so tight that you`re stuck waiting outside. In the digital world, it works the same. A hacker sits in his computer and uses malicious software to send so many requests to a website or app, and it crumbles under the pressure. And a distributed denial of services, well, it`s the same thing but on a much larger scale, instead of one computer, it can be hundreds of thousands, sending tens of millions of requests per second.

The latest wave of DDOS attacks has gone beyond just computers, to using malicious code to infect Internet connected devices in your home. Hackers take advantage of webcams and DVRs to help carry out the cyber strikes, all without you having a clue.

Not all hacks are about stealing information. In the case of DDOS, sometimes it`s just about wrecking havoc. And the attacks can have lasting effects. If hackers took down a major e-commerce site for even a few hours, it could be in a falling stock price and hundreds of millions of dollars in lost revenue.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: We brought you a lot of video lately from the recent Guinness World Records day and here`s another one. The challenge, stock up a whole misocones (ph) as in traffic cones, raise them up and balance them on your chin. And the stacked cone chin balancing champion who`s from Japan broke
his own world record, setting the new one at 26 cones. He says the secret is having a strong core and practicing for two to three hours a day.

Think of what he had to give up though. Hey, man, want to come to the party tonight? Oh, no, I cone not make it. But though it looked a little conical (ph) at first, and then it seemed he was in a cone of uncertainty, winning the record made all his hard work orangenius (ph), and what kind of cone head wouldn`t stick his chin out for that.

I`m Carl Azuz, balancing a few puns on CNN STUDENT NEWS.

CNN Student News - December 5, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Hi. I`m Carl Azuz. Thanks for taking ten minutes out of your day this December 5th for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

Big vote yesterday of the European country of Italy. Significant changes have been proposed to the country`s constitution which dates back to 1948, and voters were given the choice to accept or reject them. Italy`s parliament has two chambers, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Both houses have to approve a bill before it can become law.

Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi wants to reduce the number of people serving in the Senate. This would weaken that chamber. And Prime Minister

Renzi says it would make it easier and faster to pass laws.

But critics say this could get rid of an important check on the government`s power and give too much power to the prime minister instead.

What further raised the stakes in this referendum, this vote is that Mr. Renzi says he`ll step down as prime minister if Italians don`t vote to reduce the size of the Senate.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

BEN WEDEMAN, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: It`s all about cutting down the powers and the size of the Italian senate, basically making it a much smaller body. Instead of 315 members, it will go down to 100 and they will be appointed and they`ll have very little in the way of decision-making power. The Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi says this is a good way to stream-line a very cumbersome political process but his critics say that this really poses the danger of giving dictatorial powers or rather too much power to whoever is in the position of prime minister.

Many people harking back to the days of Mussolini, who was one of the reasons why the cumbersome political system exists here in the first place.

The problem is, of course, Matteo Renzi has said that if Italians reject these constitutional changes, he will resign.

So, many of his opponents have turned this simply into a popular contest for Matteo Renzi. He`s the 41-year-old prime minister who has been in power for the last two and a half years. He came to power promising to get the Italian economy, which hasn`t really moved since the late 1990s, moving
again. It has moved from negative growth to very anemic progress or rather positive growth. But for many Italians, that`s simply not enough.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: In Central China, more than 20,000 people were stranded at an airport over the weekend. Flights were cancelled or delayed in the city of Chengdu. The reason, an extreme combination of fog and smog. The airport called the conditions the most disruptive in years.

The world air quality index is one measurement of pollution levels. When it`s between zero and fifty, air quality is good. Pollution isn`t the problem. In Chengdu, the air quality was recently measured at 280. That puts pollution levels in the index`s very unhealthy category, an emergency level which advises everyone to either limit their outdoor activity or avoided entirely.

The pollution is the side effect of the major industrial growth seen in some Chinese cities. It`s especially dangerous for people with asthma or respiratory infections.

In the U.S. state of North Dakota, today is the deadline for thousands of people protesting the Dakota Access Pipeline. Their main camp is on government land. And last week, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer said that activists who refuse to leave could be arrested starting Monday. But the government also said it won`t force people to leave and many demonstrators say they`re staying put.

This is over a controversial pipeline that would connect oil rich areas of North Dakota to Illinois, where oil could then reach additional markets.

It`s a $3.7 billion project. Its developer says it will create thousands of jobs, generate millions in tax revenue, and make the U.S. less dependent on foreign oil. But it`s being built near a reservation for Native Americans, and they say the pipeline threatens their environmental and economic well-being.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SARA SIDNER, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This is truly very, very large, large group of people who have come to stop the North Dakota Access Pipeline. I want to give you an idea of just how big it is. We are giving you a kind of a look of Oceti Sakowin Camp. It is the largest camp. But there are
other camps that are here and inside this camp alone, the estimates are somewhere between 5,000 and 8,000 people who have come in support of the indigenous people who are here and planning to stay on this land.

And what you`re seeing is really a work to try to be sustainable, to stay here for a long time because no on plans on leaving unless the North Dakota Access Pipeline is stopped.

Now, I want to show where the work was being done on that pipeline. If you look far over my right shoulder, you see some lights that are shining there and above that, you`ll see some military vehicles, and that`s the Army Corps of Engineers sitting there. Beyond that, that`s where the pipeline is being done. So, it`s not more than a couple of miles away from this camp.

The camp is not physically in the way of the pipeline going forward, but people say they are here because they want to be a presence, they want to get people to understand what their worry is, and their worry for the most part is the water, worry that the pipeline that`s supposed to go underneath
the Missouri River is going to at some point rapture and ruin the water, and the water that people drink, 18 million people drink that are living on the land along the Missouri River. So, that is one of the biggest fights here.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SUBTITLE: CNN STUDENT NEWS is changing, January 2017.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: According to Encyclopedia Britannica, there is not much that`s not known about the life of St. Nicholas, except that he probably served as a

Christian bishop in the fourth century A.D. He had a reputation for helping others though, and that helped get rise to our modern view of Santa Claus.

His popular image today owes a lot to the 19th century Clement Clarke Moore poem, "Twas the Night Before Christmas", and to illustrations by the Coca- Cola Company in the 1930s. It`s an image that takes a lot of training for modern Santas to maintain.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

CROWD (singing): Santa Claus is coming to town.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Ho, ho, ho.

REPORTER: Welcome to the ultimate Christmas in July. Santa University -- a four-day training camp in Colorado where professional Santas come to hone their craft.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It`s more of a calling than it is a job.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And a little boy with no hesitation said that`s Santa Claus.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: She said your nose, your nose is like a cherry. Ho, ho, ho. That`s when I knew that I probably was Santa Claus.

REPORTER: Spreading holiday cheer is serious business. It takes the right look, months of dedication and more hair care products than you`d expect.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That all the women say it`s miracle stuff.

REPORTER: But aside from some extra hold air spray, what does it take to be the perfect professional Santa?

The experts all had the same answer.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: You got to have that Christmas love.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Having the curing heart.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: First the heart and then all of the other things will fall in to place.

REPORTER: Heart is something that can`t be taught, but the rest of it, that`s why Noerr Program put Santa University together in the first place.

Every year the Santas come together to train at the company`s headquarters called -- you guessed it -- the Noerr Pole.

JUDY NOERR, NOERR PROGRAMS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER: People are amazed that there are four days of classes for Santa University but it`s true. We have everything from ethics of Santa, how to dress and look your best. How to stay healthy as a Santa and many, many more things.

REPORTER: Classes teach everything from beard grooming, to suit fitting to sign language. There are charity toy drives and sing- alongs. It`s four days of fun and festivities. Then, when the holidays roll around, these guys are all Santa all the time.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I work at Orleans Square mall about 30 miles southwest of Chicago. And I`m from Duluth, Georgia, that`s about 750-mile trip every year.

It`s a very demanding job if you do it like you should do it. We are on the set many hours a day. So, you pretty much sleep, eat and work, and you want to stay focused so that you can be all you can be when you are on the set. And be there for the children.

And if you are at home, you allow too many other distractions. And so, by traveling I feel I can stay focused at what I`m doing.

REPORTER: For these Santas, the months of preparation and work are worth it. For them, being Santa Claus in the eyes of a child is the ultimate gift.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I get far more than I unfortunately can give.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If you can say anything every day to try to uplift a child and their family then you go home with some accomplishment.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We all want one thing, the joy and happiness for children.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: So, you can see it`s for a good cause, that they trained hard for their ho ho holiday work and to keep their tidying a beardance. And even if their suits get a little tarnish with ashes and soot, who is not in chimneyed of a little good cheer? The extra effort can make a difference between Santa and santastic.

I`m Carl Azuz at CNN STUDENT NEWS. We`ll see you tomorrow.

CNN Student News - December 2, 2016

 CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Hi. I`m Carl Azuz. And Fridays are awesome!

Welcome to CNN STUDENT NEWS and ten minutes of international current events coverage.

Recently, we`ve told you about protests against South Korean President Park Geun-hye, who`s been accused of corruption. Today`s show starts with the focus on North Korea. It`s just been hit with its toughest international penalties so far over its controversial nuclear program.

For years, the international community has been trying to get North Korea to end this nuclear program. The Asian country says nuclear technology is its right. The United Nations says it`s illegal.

But despite multiple talks with North Korean leaders and despite sanctions, penalties meant to hurt North Korea`s economy and its ability to build nuclear weapons, the country has continued to develop its program, repeatedly testing nuclear bombs and ballistic missiles. This time around,
China, a border country of North Korea, and its strongest ally, has supported new sanctions against North Korea. Will that be enough to change its behavior?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SAIMA MOHSIN, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Defiant and definitive, North Korea`s launched more than two dozen prohibitive ballistic missiles this year alone.

And on September 9th, state TV announced Kim Jong-un`s fifth successful nuclear test.

U.S. ambassador to the U.N., Samantha Power, says one Korean official likened the atmosphere to "living with the Cuban missile crisis every day."

Crucially, China is backing the sanctions, which will cut North Korea`s single largest export, coal, by 62 percent, worth around $700 million a year. China is their biggest customer.

The previous round of economic sanctions haven`t slowed North Korea`s nuclear program.

JOHN DELURY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, YONSEI UNIVERSITY: He is not going to cut his missile program and his nuclear program with those hundreds of millions of dollars. He`s going to find other places to cut.

MOHSIN: Sanctions on North Korea he says are counterproductive, although six-party talks have been tried and failed over the years to stop proliferation, its direct talks with the North Korean leader himself that could make the difference.

DELURY: We don`t even know Kim Jong-un. We haven`t had high level diplomatic contact. No head of state has sat in a room with Kim Jong-un.

We thought Kim Jong-Il was crazy, until people started meeting with Kim Jong-Il. When high level people including the American secretary of state sat down with Kim Jong-Il, they were shocked because they discovered the guy was not nuts.

DONALD TRUMP (R), PRESIDENT-ELECT: It`s called opening a dialogue.

MOHSIN: President-elect Trump has in the past said he had no problem speaking directly to Kim Jong-un, even suggesting they have hamburgers instead of a state dinner. But he`s also said North Korea is China`s problem to solve and he`d pressure them to deal with the regime.

With growing protest here in South Korea, calling for President Park to go, we could soon see two new presidents in Seoul and Washington, with all eyes on their policy towards North Korea.

Saima Mohsin, CNN, Seoul, South Korea.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: U.S. President-elect Donald Trump and Vice President-elect Mike Pence traveled to the state of Indiana yesterday. That`s where Mr. Pence is governor and it`s where they visited a plant owned by the Carrier heating and air-conditioning company.

Carrier announced in February that it would lay off workers at the plant and move those jobs to the nation of Mexico. But on Tuesday, the company said that in a deal with the incoming Trump-Pence administration, it would keep more than a thousand jobs in Indiana. As part of the deal, the state
agreed to give Carrier financial incentives worth $7 million dollars over 10 years.

But Carrier previously said it expected to save $65 million per year if it moved those jobs. So, it`s possible that Mr. Trump`s promise to lower the U.S. corporate tax rate and increase tariffs on companies that do move factored in here, too.

The deal is seen as a victory for the president-elect, who`d promised to keep jobs in America.

But Democratic Senator Bernie Sanders criticized it, saying other companies could now threaten to move jobs overseas in order to get tax benefits and incentives themselves.

Most popular sport in the U.S. is football. Most popular sport in the world is football, but a different kind -- what Americans call soccer.

Still, there are growing number of Americans and American organizations like the National Football League, who want to export their favorite sport.

Recent NFL games in Mexico City and London are proof, so is what`s happening in China.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

MATT RIVERS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Under the lights, something new in China. The helmets, the pads, the hits -- it`s football American-style, in a country that doesn`t know much about it, yet.

Compared to the other teams around the league, this one is relatively new. How are you guys competing?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: For a new team, we are competing very well.

RIVERS: For a new team, we are competing very well.

These are the Beijing Iron Brothers, one of 14 teams from across the country in the relatively American Football League of China. They`re gearing up for a game against the Shanghai Night Hawks.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: As this league grows, I can only see the talent growing. I can only see football growing.

RIVERS: It`s a bold claim in a country where football typically means feet only and a round table. NFL games are tough to watch because of the time difference, Tuesday morning football just doesn`t have the same ring. Plus, sports like ping pong and badminton have long reigned supreme.

But there are those who believe there`s a yearning here for something a bit more physical.

CHRIS MCLAURIN, FOUNDER, AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE OF CHINA: I personally just love the game, and I love seeing it take off here in China.

RIVERS: Chris McLaurin founded the league in 2013, a founder standout at the University of Michigan, he knows quality football, and he knows his league has a long way to go.

MCLAURIN: I`d say that we`re at D3 of college football level this point. More practice is required, but it`s developing fast and they`re learning quick.

RIVERS: McLaurin says he`s tapping into a sports renaissance in China, with more young people than ever trying new things.

And a much bigger league wants into the action. The NFL is slowly increasing its profile in the middle kingdom, and its 1.4 billion potential fans, sponsoring like football league and clinics like this one.

PEYTON MANNING, FORMER NFL QUARTERBACK: Two, three, right there. Better.

RIVERS: Yes, that`s the recently retired Peyton Manning, one of the NFL`s most well-known stars, giving tips on a three-step drop back to kids outside Beijing. He`s part of the league`s strategy to have its stars help promote the sport, a hugely successful tactics already employed here by the

NBA. Basically, the NFL is looking for a Yao Ming type success story.

MANNING: You get somebody who`s playing as a young person, with those interests and (INAUDIBLE) playing and they`re into it, and creating that type of interest. And who know? Maybe there will be a player in the NFL from China.

RIVERS: And maybe that player would come from the American Football League of China. It`s just amateurs for now. The players even have to pony up for most of their own gear, but the plan is to start paying players in the next few years as sponsors line up and ticket sales rise.

MCLAURIN: To see it grow from five years ago to where we`re at today, where we can get 5,000 people out to a stadium to watch a game, that`s a huge leap.

RIVERS: The Iron Brothers ended up losing a close one to the Night Hawks, but they say they`ll be back and better next year, just like the league in which they play.

Matt Rivers, CNN, Beijing.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: The Frying Pan Tower is about 35 miles off the coast of North Carolina. It was a U.S. Coast Guard light tower, originally designed to keep ships off the Frying Pan Shoals. Today, it`s a bed and breakfast.

The pros: great fishing, great driving range, great views of the Milky Way, no bugs whatsoever and great isolation, with only miles of water surrounding you. The cons: great isolation, with only miles of water surrounding you.

At about 600 bucks per person per weekend, which doesn`t include shipping, a lot of folks might fan the idea, thinking it`s not a shoal lot of fun.

But those with waves of imagination, who can towerate being alone and alight upon a towering ocean of possibilities for sea-clusion, this private island is a beacon of opportunity, y`all.

I`m Carl Azuz and you have a great weekend.

CNN Student News - December 1, 2016

CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Welcome to ten minutes of international current events. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

We`re starting today`s show in Northern Europe. The northeastern part of Norway borders the nation of Russia. That line is about 180 miles long and it`s near there that about 300 U.S. Marines are participating in military training exercises with Norwegian troops. Why?

The U.S. and Norway are members of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It was formed in 1949 by European countries and the U.S. It was sort of guard against the Soviet Union, and the army is positioned after World War II in Eastern and Central Europe. The NATO treaty says

that an attack against one NATO country is an attack against all of them, and that other member countries would come to help.

So, with tensions today increasing between Russia and several Western nations, including the U.S., military training and maneuvers on both sides is on the rise.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

NICK PATON WALSH, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): War just got very cold again for these U.S. Marines, training with tanks in Norway, on the eastern borders of a NATO that suddenly nervous once more.

(on camera): They`re moving forwards now towards the fake enemy positions but these kind of exercises, since Russia`s moves in Ukraine, have taken on a new kind of realism and urgency.

(voice-over): In January, 300 Marines will move to Norway permanently. That`s how worried about Moscow`s intentions they are.

For now, a unit from North Carolina are readying these Abrams tanks, normally stored deep in caves but now the furthest north of the Arctic Circle they`ve ever been.

After Iraq and Afghanistan, these are old new war games about protecting Europe and they know that when the enemy isn`t role-playing, it will probably by the newly-emboldened Russian military.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: In 2014, that was a clear sign that Russia has stepped into an area where they are willing and able to use military. You know, suddenly we have changed focus from what was going on, in particular, in Afghanistan, and to collective defense -- national defense.

WALSH: A change in focus somebody`s watching. Norwegian police investigating 10 sightings of medium-sized unidentified drones over these exercises. And at a furthest point north of the border you can go, it`s an open game of watching a Russian helicopter land, rare here.

It`s not really a Russian invasion they worry about here but, rather, the sort of separatist uprising Russia fomented in Ukraine -- little green men with guns creating trouble.

(on camera): We`re heading out with the Norwegian border patrol towards their frontier with Russia, a presence on the ground being vital for them and ensuring nothing untoward happens with their large, at times unfriendly, neighbor.

That`s really the reason the Norwegian and American tanks you saw earlier to be sure that even out here in the empty pines and crisp snow, no matter what the Trump presidency brings, there`s enough muscle already here to enforce NATO`s promises of collective security.

(on camera): Do you see Russians at all?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Uh, it happens. You just salute them.

WALSH: Would you like to talk to them if you could?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Probably, but it`s illegal.

WALSH (voice-over): Very strange to hear Norwegians, NATO members, talk so vividly again about the Russian threat.

The constant and real backdrop to this survival training happening tonight under a staggering display of the northern lights.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Two months ago, we reported on the controversial of Keith Lamont Scott. He was a 43-year-old African-American man who was shot and killed by an African-American police officer in Charlotte, North Carolina. At that time, officers said Scott had a gun and refused to drop it after
police told him to.

Scott`s family said he had no gun. Protests followed in Charlotte. Some were peaceful, others were distractive.

Yesterday, the Mecklenburg County district attorney who`s been investigating the case said that the officers` use of deadly force was justified, that no charges would be filed against police and that 15 prosecutors reached the decision unanimously. The district attorney also said that all the credible evidence leads to the conclusion that Scott was armed and that his DNA was found on a gun at the scene.

A lawyer representing Keith Lamont Scott`s family says they still have concerns and questions about the incident, like whether police could have done more to calm down the situation before the shooting.

One hundred eight billion dollars, that`s the amount of student loan debt that the U.S. federal government is set to pay for in the coming years.

Why is that significant? Because it`s a lot more money than the U.S. Education Department said it would be.

For years, student loan debt, the money that U.S. students borrowed to pay for college has been soaring. To help borrowers avoid defaulting, to avoid missing their payments, the Obama administration strongly encouraged them to participate in a government program that limits what they actually have to pay back. The administration says defaults have decreased as a result.

But according to "The Wall Street Journal", a new report from the Government Accountability Office says the Education Department badly underestimated what these debt-reducing plans would cost the federal government.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

MARIBEL ABER, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This isn`t new. President Clinton first introduced income-based repayment. Eligible participants had to, one, have income that was low in relation to their debt, right? And then, second, taken out loans after 2007.

Well, with the revised pay-as-you-earn, the Obama administration sort of widened the net and removed those restrictions for borrowers of federal direct loans. The administration pushed the program aggressively to those borrowers. A borrower`s monthly payment is capped at 10 percent of their income and the remaining balance is forgiven after 10 years or 20 years, depending if you work in the public or private sector.

It seems great, but who pays for this loan forgiveness? It`s taxpayers.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Yesterday, Democrats from the U.S. House of Representatives voted to keep their current minority leader, that`s Nancy Pelosi from California.

She`s been the leader of House Democrats since 2003, and she overcame a challenge by Ohio Representative Tim Ryan.

Republicans will control the House and the Senate in the new Congress, as they do now. But they won`t have a Senate super majority, that`s 60 senators enough to overcome a potential Democratic filibuster. So, Republicans will need the support of some Democrats if others try to block legislation.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SUBTITLE: What is a filibuster?

MANU RAJU, CNN SENIOR POLITICAL REPORTER: Senators could actually block legislation by mounting a filibuster.

SEN. CHRIS MURPHY (D), CONNECTICUT: So, I`m going to remain in this floor until we get some signal, some sign.

REP. RAND PAUL (R), KENTUCKY: I will speak until I can no longer speak.

RAJU: In the olden days, in a different time, in a different era, it wasn`t used all that often. If people were to mount a filibuster that actually come to the floor of the Senate, they would launch this long speeches for hours and hours and try to delay and frustrate the will of the Senate.

SUBTITLE: When is a filibuster not a filibuster?

RAJU: More recently, in the last 15 or 20 years, simply the threat of a filibuster is not enough to require 60 votes to overcome this delay tactic has made it very difficulty for parties in the majority to achieve their objective.

SUBTITLE: How were filibusters used under President Obama?

SEN. MITCH MCCONNELL (R-KY), MAJORITY LEADER: In the United States Senate, the minority is entitled to be heard -- not entitled to win, but entitled to be heard.

RAJU: Fast forward to the Obama years, Republicans mounted filibuster after filibuster to stop President Obama`s agenda.

SEN. TED CRUZ (R), TEXAS: I do so like green eggs and ham.

RAJU: The reason why Democrats are successful at the time is that they had a super majority of 60 votes in order to overcome a filibuster. They didn`t need any Republican votes.

Today, much different. Republicans are not in a super majority. They`re going to have 52 seats in the new Congress. That means they`ll need eight Democratic senators to break any filibuster.

SUBTITLE: Will Democrats use filibusters against Donald Trump`s agenda?

RAJU: It`s a risk for Democrats to simply block everything that Donald Trump puts forward. Five Democratic senators are up for reelection in 2018 in states that Donald Trump won by a significant margin. That means if they`re viewed as too obstructionists, too partisan, that could actually hurt their chances of winning reelection.

And Chuck Schumer, the incoming Senate Democratic leader, knows this. He`s trying to balance the needs of these moderates to work with Donald Trump, with also progressives in his caucus like Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren who want to fight the Trump administration tooth and nail.

So, Democrats are going to have to weigh how far they want to go to obstruct Donald Trump`s agenda.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: People who love skydiving say it`s pure magic. For the 2017 Guinness World Records day, a magician worked his magic during a 120-mile per hour freefall. He completed 11 tricks over the course of a 15,000-foot sky dive to set the record. The same magician holds the title for most
magic tricks performed in a wind tunnel in three minutes. That was eight.

Maybe to him, all that was a breeze. But it was no gimmick. You got a sleigh to hand it to anyone Abracada-brave enough to press their limits.

Putting on an act with danger is no illusion. Probably took a violat of practice.

I`m Carl Azuz and this is my vanishing act.