CNN 10 February 14, 2017

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Happy Valentine's Day. Thank you for taking ten for CNN 10. I'm Carl Azuz.

Lake Oroville is a reservoir in Northern California. It's been in the news a lot over the past few years first because of the dramatic effects that California's recent drought had on its water levels. You can see it here, bridges that used to be over water, at one point spanning nothing but dry land.

Now, Lake Oroville is having the opposite problem, tons of rain and snow in recent months have cleared up a lot of California's drought and the lake is now near capacity.

Its dam, the Oroville Dam, is the tallest in America. It provides flood control for the region. It has two spillways, passageways where extra water can flow out of the reservoir.

But there are problems with both of them. And that's led to the evacuation of about 188,000 people who live in towns downstream.

In the main spillway, erosion has opened a hole almost the size of a football field and it's at least 40 feet deep. Not an easy hole to fix.

The reservoir also has an emergency spillway. It had never been used in the 48 years that Oroville Dam had been there, until Saturday, when water started washing down the embankment. The problem, on Sunday, inspectors found that the emergency spillway was also eroding and if it fails, it could cause flash flooding all the way to Sacramento, 75 miles away.

CNN's Paul Vercammen spent Sunday night reporting on how workers planned to reinforce the emergency spillway.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

PAUL VERCAMMEN, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): The heavy lifting with heavy equipment, they are breaking up rocks, putting these rocks in bags and they intend to put these rocks in the breach, in the backup spillway. Now, mandatory evacuations still in effect for almost 200,000 people. In cities Oroville, Yuba City, Marysville, they are evacuated in what some describe as a frantic, chaotic situation.

And moving in through the cities, you can see they were basically ghost towns. Gas stations with police tape all the round the pumps to indicate they had completely run out of gas during the evacuations.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: As of last night, water levels in the lake were dropping. Good news for the dram and the people who live in the region. But another storm is expected on Wednesday, so the danger isn't over.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

Who is the current leader of Canada?

Stephen Harper, Pierre Trudeau, Francois Hollande, or Justin Trudeau?

Justin Trudeau has served as Canada's prime minister since 2015.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: The U.S. and Canada have the world's longest shared border. They have one of the world's biggest trade relationships. And yesterday, the two nations' leaders shared a news conference in Washington, D.C.

This was a first official meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. They have very different view points on issues like immigration, climate change and economic policy. The one focus yesterday was on what they had in common.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

JUSTIN TRUDEAU, CANADIAN PRIME MINISTER: We are going to be creating greater opportunities for middle class Canadians and Americans now and well into the future.

DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: We agree with that 100 percent. We have a very outstanding trade relationship with Canada. We'll be tweaking it. We'll be doing certain things that are going to benefit both of our countries.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: The two men also met in the cabinet room with 12 female CEOs and business leaders, including First Daughter Ivanka Trump. The two leaders announced the launch of a new program between the U.S. and Canada to advance and support women in the workplace.

We reported last fall how the U.S. is going through what's being called a heroin epidemic, a massive increase in abuse of the drug. It's illegal, it's highly addictive, it's led to thousands of deaths.

One thing about the epidemic that's puzzling to investigators is how overdoses seem to come in clusters. One weekend earlier this month for instance at least 14 people died of opioid overdoses around Cleveland, Ohio. Opioids are synthetic substances that act like heroin.

Last week, it was Louisville, Kentucky, where dozens of overdose calls came in over a few days. It could have been because the drug was combined with another very potent opioid painkiller, but for Louisville, this isn't a new problem.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

RACHEL CRANE, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Arlene Rice knows all too well the tool the opioid epidemic is taking on families across the country.

ARLENE RICE, SON DIED OF HEROIN OVERDOSE: It has been very devastating to our family. It has -- we will never be the same. We will never be whole.

CRANE: She lost her son Gabriel nearly four years ago to a heroin overdose. Of her four children, three have battled substance abuse.

RICE: I miss him. He's -- he's a best boy. We always say, "I love that boy." And he was the best kid, even up until -- we were close up until the day he died.

CRANE: Janice Durbin's son Jason has been fighting addiction for more than 20 years. He is currently in a treatment center.

JANICE DURBIN, SON BATTLING ADDICTION: It's the worst I think because then you think, what did I do wrong or should I have done this better or that better or -- because they -- everybody wants to tell you do tough love, and until they have a child who has an issue with addiction, they don't know what that means.

CRANE: Louisville, Kentucky, is the latest city to experience a spike in heroin overdoses. This week, officials responded to 52 overdose calls in just 32 hours, more than double the amount from the week before in the same time span.

DURBIN: It really makes me sick, really. That's the first thing that I think of. And it's just getting worse and worse. And it seems like there's nothing working or nothing being done.

CRANE: It's not just the parents who feel frustrated. ER doctors here are overwhelmed with patients. In January alone, Metro Emergency Services answered 695 overdose calls. That's 22 a day. Many of those patients are transported to Norton Audubon Hospital.

DR. ROBERT COUCH, NORTON AUDUBON HOSPITAL: We see it every day. And in times past, it would be unusual to have a -- you know, very many heroin overdoses. Now it's unusual if we don't have them. It's a very good day in the emergency department if I don't see a heroin overdose.

CRANE (on camera): And how often are those days?

COUCH: I haven't had one of those days in a long time.

CRANE (voice-over): His worst day? This past fall when he treated nine overdoses in one shift.

COUCH: It's just an incredible burden on the health care system.

CRANE: According to Dr. Couch, doctors are administering higher doses of a drug called Naloxone, a medicine that is used to treat opioid overdoses. That's because the heroin is getting stronger and stronger. That's why people like Arlene never leave home without her Naloxone, also known as Narcan. She says she carries it with her lipstick.

RICE: I never got a chance to tell him, you know, how sorry I was.

CRANE (on camera): How sorry you were for what?

RICE: For not understanding his plight.

CRANE (voice-over): And for that, Arlene is now an advocate for those fighting substance abuse.

RICE: There does come a point where you sometimes wear down, but then you get back up and you fight. You're like, I am not going to let this win. I am -- I will fight until the day that I die to try to ensure that someone else's child doesn't die. I can't save all of them, but maybe one.

CRANE: Rachel Crane, CNN, Louisville, Kentucky.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Hundreds of pilot whales had been stranding themselves on a beach in New Zealand. It's happening on that thin strip of land that stretches for miles into a bay. Whale beachings or strandings are relatively common on farewell spit, but they're not usually this large.

More than 650 pilot whales have beached themselves here over the past week. That makes this the third largest mass stranding in New Zealand's history. Hundreds of volunteers tried to help, but 400 whales died over the weekend.

And bear with us, this is a little gross. Conservationists say the dead whale can explode in the heat, so they've been puncturing them so their carcasses don't blow up and they can be safely moved to a nature reserve that's closed to the public.

Scientists don't know why whales beach themselves. It could be that they got lost or disoriented. It could be that they followed a whale that got in trouble. In any event, volunteers have been able to rescue dozens of the animals and some manage to save themselves when the tide rose and they seem out to sea.

You can read along with us from our home page. Right under the video box, click the word "transcript" while you're watching. My big old head will bobble on the right side of your screen while you follow the words. It's a great tool for learning English or seeing exactly what the puns are.

Well, speaking of bobbleheads, this is a private collection that a man called Bobblehead Bob has been putting together since the 1990s. He's got more than 1,500 pieces. But because he's fighting cancer, Bob is donating all of his bobbleheads to the National Bobblehead Hall of Fame and Museum. Some are worth a pretty penny, but Bob says you can't put a price on the joy they brought him and he wants others to enjoy them.

A kind idea -- and though it's time for us to head out, I'm sure we'll bobble more puns Wednesday. After all, we're just bobbling with creative days.

That's our Valentine's Day edition of CNN 10. Hope you love the show. I'm Carl Azuz. We'll see you tomorrow.

CNN 10 February 13, 2017

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hey, thanks for watching CNN 10. We hope your week is off to a good start and that it just gets better. I'm Carl Azuz.

For the first time since U.S. President Donald Trump took office, North Korea has test-fired a ballistic missile. And we start today by explaining why that's significant.

First, the launch. It was done on Sunday. Officials believe the weapon flew a few hundred miles before it crashed into the Sea of Japan, also known as the East Sea. It's thought to be a medium range missile, one that could potentially hit South Korea, but not the United States.

Then, there was the timing. The launch came as President Trump was hosting Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in the U.S. Japan is an ally of both America and South Korea, and all three of those nations are considered rivals of North Korea. So, analysts say the North was trying to send a warning to Japan not to get too friendly with the new American president.

Prime Minister Abe called the launch intolerable and he told North Korea to abide by international law that it stop testing missiles. And President Trump said the U.S. stands by Japan 100 percent.

Why does North Korea test-fire missiles? Experts say it's partly to see how far the weapons can fly and what they're capable of. But also, to send a message, to remind other countries that North Korea has these things and they get media attention from around the world.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR, CNN CHIEF INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: We don't know where the Trump administration will place North Korea nukes on its list of priorities. But one thing is for sure, that in seven or eight years, North Korea has made lifts and bounds in terms of its nuclear capability and I'm talking about nuclear weapons.

SUBTITLE: What next for Trump and North Korea?

AMANPOUR: What is most, most troubling for the United States is that North Korea is working on long-range intercontinental ballistic missiles that would be able to reach the United States and that would, once there's a militarized warhead, be able to carry a nuclear payload as far as the United States.

This is an existential problem for the United States unlike any other that exists in the world today.

We went to see the North Korean plutonium processing plant. Its only nuclear plant that was known to the world, back in 2008 at Yongbyon.

It has taken at least nine years to get this visa.

What we saw there under the Bush administration efforts to close down that plant, to restrict their nuclear weapons and nuclear program.

How many fuel rods are in the pond now?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): About 1,600.

AMANPOUR: And then we went back, a few months later, to watch the cooling tower be blown up as a physical demonstration of pulling back on their nuclear program. Everything has changed in the years since then.

How will the president deal with it? What are the options?

War is not an option, according to all the analysts. You're talking nuclear war if war becomes the option.

So far, of course, diplomacy hasn't worked, at least not enough.

U.S. relies on China to try to do its North Korean bidding. China will have to be convinced by the United States that it will, the U.S., allow as part of negotiations, the Kim dynasty to survive. That is the most important thing to the Kim dynasty, and for China, it wants that as well because it doesn't want to see destabilization in the whole millions of millions of North Koreans fleeing into China if the whole thing falls apart.

And so, it's going to take some very creative, out of the box diplomacy that there will be no question of regime change, and therefore the best one could hope for is some really robust arms control agreement.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Explaining some new developments now concerning a controversial executive order on refugees and immigrants entering the U.S. Part of President Trump's order tried to put a temporary 90-day ban on refugees from six countries and an indefinite ban on refugees from Syria. These weren't considered countries of concern by former President Obama. He placed limited restrictions on some travelers to these nations to address the threat of terrorism.

President Trump's order was broader though. He argued that a temporary ban on refugees from these countries would help keep terrorists from entering America. But the ban was blocked by a lower court and last Thursday, a federal appeals court upheld that decision. That means the order would stay blocked and that people from the affected countries could continue to enter America.

How did the court reach this decision?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

LAURA JARRETT, CNN JUSTICE CORRESPONDENT: The judges rejected each and every one of the arguments the Justice Department used to try to justify a reinstatement of the ban, saying the government failed to prove why the travel ban was necessary as an urgent national security the matter.

The judges wrote that "the government has pointed to no evidence that any alien from any of the countries named in the order has perpetrated a terrorist attack in the United States. Rather than present evidence to explain the need for the executive order, the government has taken the position that we must not review its decision at all. We disagree", the court wrote.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: It's not the first time an appeals court ruled against the government on the issue of immigration. An executive action by the Obama administration concerning millions who were in the U.S. illegally was also rejected.

The Trump administration says it doesn't plan to immediately appeal its case to the Supreme Court. It may change its executive order or issue a new one altogether.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ (voice-over): Ten-second trivia:

Which of these animals has the longest gestation period?

White shark, polar bear, sea lion or stingray?

The gestation period for white sharks is believed to be 12 months or more, the longest time period on this list.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: We say "believed to be" because the white shark or the great white is pretty mysterious to scientists. They're generally solitary animals. They're found all over the world but in large numbers. Their relatively long gestation period could be part of the reason why conservationists call them vulnerable, meaning they face a high risk of going extinct in the wild.

Although great whites are apex predators who will eat just about anything, those who study them say they should be respected but not hunted.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

CHRIS FALLOWS, WILDLIFE PHOTOGRAPHER: Every time I see one around the boat I still get that little buzz.

You know, whether it's fear, whether it's love, whether it's hate, it's their size, it's what they're capable off.

SUBTITLE: The Great White.

FALLOWS: Ever since I saw my first great white shark, it stayed with me for the rest of my life.

I've been working with them for 25 years.

To be in the water with a great white shark is an absolutely awesome experience.

SUBTITLE: Chris Fallows is a renowned wildlife photographer and a great white shark expert.

FALLOWS: When you get into the water, you're not just going into their world, you're going -- and not only going to their world, you're having them accommodate you in their world and that's the difference. We really need to do as much as we can to conserve them.

JAMES WILLIAMS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Are they at risk of extinction?

FALLOWS: Absolutely. You know, it's not just shark nets that are killing them. They're killed as by-catch and most sadly and I think most wastefully, they're killed for just their fins.

It's not an enemy. And I think more and more people are beginning to realize this.

SUBTITLE: Chris Fallows gives cage driving tours in South Africa. Cage diving can be seen as controversial. Chris Fallows sees it differently.

FALLOWS: If these boats were having a negative effect on them, and conditioning them, they wouldn't have a seasonality, because nobody wants to see these sharks harmed.

To be in the same environment as an animal tht could catch, kill and consume you as quickly as that if it wanted to and to have it tolerate you is amazingly humbling.

SUBTITLE: The great white shark is currently protected in Australia, Israel, Malta, Namibia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Sticking with an animal them for "10 Out of 10" today, well, you're just going to have to love these tiger cubs. They are three Malayan tigers, a critically endangered species. They were born a little over a week ago at the Cincinnati Zoo. But their mother wasn't taking care of them, so zoo officials put them in the nursery to help them survive.

The zoo's plan is to eventually bread these animals to help insure the continuation of the species.

It sounds like a tig-great idea and just looking at them breeds oohs and aahs. But for right now, they just do some ma-playin' and some ma-layin' around. But soon, they'll show their stripes in the zoo's tiger exhibit which should introduce them to good habitats.

I'm Carl Azuz for CNN 10.