CARL AZUZ,
CNN 10 ANCHOR: Welcome to CNN 10 -- a 10-minute cost-free subscription free
show that explains the news. I'm Carl Azuz.
There's been
a shakeup in the Trump administration. Michael Flynn has resigned as White
House national security adviser after less than a month on the job. Flynn is a
retired lieutenant general with the U.S. Army. As national security adviser, he
was responsible for giving President Donald Trump guidance on U.S. intelligence
and ways to protect the country.
Why did he
resign?
Late last
year, while former President Obama was in office, Flynn had phone conversations
with the Russian ambassador to the United States. In those calls, according to
"The Washington Post", Flynn discussed recent sanctions, penalties
that the Obama administration had levied against Russia. It's illegal for
unauthorized private American citizens to negotiate with foreign governments on
America's behalf. And at the time of the phone calls, Flynn was not yet
national security adviser.
Law
enforcement and intelligence officials say it doesn't look like Flynn broke the
law, but the White House says there was a trust issue. Apparently, Flynn misled
Trump administration officials by initially telling them that he had not
discussed sanctions with Russia. In his resignation, Flynn said he
unintentionally gave incomplete information to Vice President Mike Pence.
The job of
national security adviser is not an official cabinet position, so the president
doesn't need Senate approval to replace Flynn.
Following up
on the North Korean missile launch we told you about Monday. U.S. officials say
the weekend test showed the communist country's missile program has become more
advanced and more dangerous. But they also say that America and its Asian
allies have defense systems in place that can shot down North Korean missiles.
(BEGIN
VIDEOTAPE)
SUBTITLE: Why
North Korea's new missile matters.
PAULA
HANCOCKS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This missile launch by North Korea is the first on
President Donald Trump's watch. It's also the first in almost four months. We
have seen relatively restraint from Pyongyang since just before the U.S.
election.
It was an
intermediate range missile with improvements. North Korea says that they used a
solid fuel engine as opposed to previous times when they used liquid fuel. This
is an assessment that was also backed up by South Korean officials.
So, what does
that mean? It means there are strategic advantages. It means this launch can be
made faster as there's less preparation time that is needed. It also means that
it could be a mobile launch, making it far more difficult to detect and track.
North Korea callas it the Pukguksong-2, a surface to surface strategic missile
which it claims can be tipped with a nuclear warhead.
It is a step
forward for Kim Jong-un who is said to have personally directed this test
launch, and it also, according to experts, is an important development at a
time when the Trump administration's North Korean policy has yet to be laid
out.
(END
VIDEOTAPE)
AZUZ: But
that policy could be taking shape. At the United Nations, where North Korea's
missile program is considered illegal, U.S. Ambassador Nikki Haley said, quote,
"It's time to hold North Korea accountable -- not with our words but with
our actions." She appeared to criticize China for its support of North
Korea.
Though China
has gone along with the U.N. Security Council's sanctions against North Korea
in the past, it's also resisted making them stronger. Why?
(BEGIN
VIDEOTAPE)
MATT RIVERS,
CNN CORRESPONDENT: China is North Korea's only major ally, and their
relationship is in a word "complicated".
SUBTITLE:
China and North Korea's relationship.
RIVERS:
Despite their ties, that bridge here in the Yalu River is the only way you can
cross the Chinese/North Korean border by train or by car. It's part of the way
China supplies North Korea's economic lifeline. At least 70 percent of its
total trade runs through China. Without it, the Kim Jong-un regime would likely
collapse, triggering a refugee crisis on China's doorstep, something Beijing
deeply fears.
U.S.
President Donald Trump says Beijing should use that leverage to force Pyongyang
to dismantle its increasingly active nuclear weapons program.
China has
condemned North Korea's actions and helped draft the latest round of U.N.
sanctions against the regime. But experts have questioned China's willingness
to enforce eh sanctions, saying that China needs a stable North Korea to
counterbalance U.S. military influence in the region.
But many
suspect that no matter what Trump or China does, Kim Jong-un will never abandon
his nuclear weapons program. It's his only real card to play on a world stage
increasingly wary of the young leader.
(END
VIDEOTAPE)
(BEGIN VIDEO
CLIP)
AZUZ
(voice-over): Ten-second trivia:
What animal
is responsible for more human deaths than any other?
Sharks,
bears, mosquitoes or snakes?
Because they
carried diseases like malaria, mosquitoes are considered the deadliest animals
on the planet.
(END VIDEO
CLIP)
AZUZ: How
deadly? Well, if you look at malaria alone, the World Health Organizations says
almost half the global population is at risk of catching it. There were an
estimated 214 million cases of malaria in 2015 and 438,000 people died, mostly
in sub-Saharan Africa.
There are
drugs that effectively treat malaria and there are chemicals that effectively
repeal mosquitoes. There are also concerns about the possible long term health effects
of these chemicals.
Could there
be a solution on items people use every day?
(BEGIN
VIDEOTAPE)
REPORTER:
Four hundred and twenty-nine thousand people died from malaria every year. But
what if your sandals or your furniture could help change that?
This is
Fredros Okumu. He's a researcher in rural Tanzania and he hates malaria.
FREDROS
OKUMU, DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE AT THE ITAKARA HEALTH INSTITUTE: As we speak, my
mother has malaria. You know, as we speak right now.
If you have
malaria, you call on God and say, "Take me today." You want to die.
REPORTER:
Fredros and his team of researchers want to end malaria with the help of a
chair. But why a chair?
In regions
like this, putting bug spray every day is impractical and expensive and it's
unlikely you'll use a mosquito net when you go to work.
Fredros'
solution: put repellant on objects that people can't live without.
This chair's
secret weapon, a super absorbent fabric dipped in a very strong repellant that
lasts for six months.
OKUMU: It's
different than the standard repellant because it is a wide area repellant. So,
if you're wearing DEET (ph), it will protect you for your sure, but it won't
protect him. It won't protect the guy next to you. It is very short range.
We have set
at using (INAUDIBLE) that protect people in long range.
REPORTER: The
repellant is so strong that it needs to put under the chair, because direct
daily contact wouldn't be good for you. They're fine-tuning it here, working
out details like how strong the repellent needs to be.
OKUMU:
Assuming two years down the line, we are successful. What is going to happen is
that you have round-the-clock protection.
REPORTER: And
if the team achieves that, then the sky is the limit.
(END
VIDEOTAPE)
AZUZ:
"Ten out of 10":
A cheap pen
can cost you 10 cents. A Fisher Space Pen is 20 bucks. Part of the reason is
the mileage. The cheap old one will write for about two miles. The Fisher is
advertised to go for 30. But that's not the only reason it might be a better
choice in space assuming for some reason, you don't want to bring a pencil.
(BEGIN
VIDEOTAPE)
REPORTER: You
probably never tried to use a pen upside-down. But if you did, you'd have a
tough time.
Now, imagine
you're in outer space, where there's no gravity at all. What do you do?
SUBTITLE: The
Space Pen: The Inside Story.
REPORTER:
October 11, 1968, the first Apollo astronauts enter Earth's orbit and the first
space pens were right there with them.
They're not
like other pens. Instead of relying on gravity, they have special pressurized
cartridges that use nitrogen gas to push ink out, which means they can write at
any angle or in extreme cold, or extreme heat, where an ink of a normal pen
would get too thick or too thin to write.
And though
most pens use water-based ink, space pens use glycol, allowing them to write
underwater, or even through grease.
Paul Fisher
first created the pressured ink cartridge in 1966. The next year, NASA
purchased 400 of them for $6 a pop. More than 60 years later, Fisher Space Pens
are used on the International Space Station.
Your other
pens might run out of ink pretty quickly, but this one should last to you about
100 years.
(END
VIDEOTAPE)
AZUZ: At
least that's its shelf life. Should they be penalize or de-write-d for creative
advertising? Guess it depends. If your head is above the clouds and you find
yourself feeling pensive, it's reassuring to think you brought along the right
stuff.
I'm Carl Azuz
for CNN pen.
